Fastening inserting machine



May 12, 1931. M. F. BROGAN 1,804,397

FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Filed June 3, 1929 v 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 /Nl ENTUR Mr. th n y 1931. M. F. BROGAN FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Filed June 3, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 12, 1931 .UNITED STATES PATENT orricr.

MICHAEL I. BROGAN, OI LAWRENCE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOB TO UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY- a'asrnnme msnarma Marianas g This invention relates to improvements. in fasten ng 1nsert1ng machines and 1s 1llus-' trated herein as embodied in a machine for driving metallic fastenings into sheet material to secure together a plurality of layers of the material. 7

It is often desired to secure together layers of sheet material, for example layers of leather such as are used in the manufacture of boots and shoes, by fastenin s which. do not show upon one of the sur aces of the layers of material. My copending application for Letters Patent of the United States, Serial No. 368,059, filed June 3, 1929,, discloses an improved fastening and method of inserting fastenings which is particularly valuable where the layer on the surface of which a fastening must not be visible is rela atively ;thin and it is for the purpose of inserting'fastenings of the character disclosed in that application that the illustrated machine, which constitutes a preferred embodiment of the present inventlon, has been built. It is, accordingly, an object of the present invention to provide an improved fastening inserting machine adapted to insert fastenings of the character disclosed in said application.

A feature of the invention comprises the combination of means for driving a wire into a piece of stock and means for deflecting the wire in such a fashion that the body portion of each fastening curves through the stock, returning to the surface from which it entered without emer 'ng from the other side of the stock in suc a way that it can be clenched if desired, at one or both ends, on that surface, thereby firmly securing together the layers of material: In the operation of the illustrated machine a wire the end of which is beveled is forced into the stock and engages a deflector as it enters the stock, being caused by the deflector to curve in the direction of the bevel. The fastening is severed from the remainder of the wire at an inclination to the axis of the wire, thereby forming a beveled entering end for the next fastening.

A further feature of the invention comprises novel means for gripping the wire gage t thereby feeding thewire toward and forcing it into the stoc Another feature of the invention comprises an organization by which the knife wh ch severs the fastenings from the remainder of the wire is utilized by its continned movement to clench the severed ends of the fastenings upon the surface of the stock.

Still another feature of the invention com- PI'ISGS. the combination with.the fastening lnsertlng means of a wiper illustrated as havingl a serrated surface arranged to ene entering end of the fastening after it emerges from the stock and to wipe the end portion of the fastening into contact with the surface of the stock thus clenchmg that end of the fastening on the stock.

With the above and other objects and features in View the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawlngs and pointed out in the claims.

In thedrawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the head and work support of a fastening inserting machine embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the head and work support of the machine of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic perspectlve view,

on a larger scale than Figs. 1 and 2, of the fastening inserting instrumentalities of the machine of Fig. 1, showing how a wire from*- which a fastening is to be severed is forced 90 into a work piece; Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are sectional views, on a larger scale than Fig. 8, illustrating the severing of the fastening from the remainder of the wire and the clenching of its ends upon the surfcae of the work piece;

Fig. 8 is a perspective View, considerably magnified, of a deflector which curves the wire as it enters the work piece;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the wire feed- 100 in means with which the machine is provi ed; and V Fig. 10 is an exploded view of a portion of the wire feeding means.

In the drawings, 10 and 12 designate two layers of stock, for example a piece of upper leather and a piece of sole leather, which are to be secured together by a metallic fastening 14 driven through the layer 10 into the layer 12 and caused to emerge from the layer 10 upon the side from which itentered without passing completely through the layer 12, the ends 16 and 18 of the fastening 14 being clenched upon the up er surface of the layer 10, as illustrated in ig. 7.

As illustrated herein, the layers 10 and 12 are clamped between a work support 20 and a presser member or abutment 22 provided with a. spurred member 24 arranged to prevent transverse movement of the layers of material 10 and 12 under the transverse thrust to which they are subjected. The pr'esser member 22 is provided with a wire guiding channel 26 (Figs. 1 and 4 to 7), a knife guiding channel 28 and a wiper guiding channel 30, which guide respectively the wire 32 from which the fastening 14 is formed, a. knife 34, which'is operated to sever the wire into fastening lengths and to clench the severed end of each fastening after it has been inserted, and a wiper 36 operated to clench the entering ends of the fastenings after they have emerged from the layer 10. The wire 32 is taken from a reel 38 and passes between adjacent helical surfaces 40 and 42 of a pair of wire feeding members 44 and 46 (Figs. 3, 9 and 10), and then through a helical groove 48 of the member 46 into the passa e 26. The members 44 and 46 are cause to grip the wire 42 and then to rotate by mechanism hereinafter described, thus feeding the wire through the passage 26. As illustrated the feed member 44 is provided with a helical groove 49, corresponding in pitch to the groove 48 and the surfaces 40 and 42, to receive wire taken from the reel 38 during the wire feeding movement of the members 44 and 46.

The Wire passage 26 intersects the knife passage 28 through which the wire 32 accordingly passes so that the knife, when it is operated, cuts the wire at a substantial inclination illustrated as of about 30) to the axis of the wire, thereby providing the next fastening 14 with a beveled entering end. it leaves the knife passage 28 the wire engages a surface 50 (Fig. 8) of a deflector 52 positioned beneath the knife passage 28 and closely adjacent to the surface of the layer 10 of the work piece. The surface 50 is inclined relatively to the wire 32 as it passes toward the deflector and curves the wire in the direction of its bevel as it is forced into the stock, as illustrated in Figs. 8 and 4, so that the wire emerges from the side of the layer 10 from which it entered without assing completely through the layer 12, as s own at 54. Then the knife 34 is moved through its guideway 28, severing the fastening 14 from the remainder of the wire 32, as shown in Fig. 5. Continued movement of the knife clenches the severed end of the fastenin as shown in Fig. 6 and finall at 16 in ig. 7, the deflector 52 being with rawn before the conclusion of the clenching. The wiper 36 is moved downwardly and toward the right, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the lower serrated end of the wiper engaging the end 54 of the fastening and wiping it into contact with the surface,

of the layer 10, thus clenching that end of the.

fastening.

The, above-described fastening inserting instrumentalities of the illustrated machine are carried by a head casting 60 ((Fig. 2) mounted on a column 62 and provi ed with bearings in which is mounted a horizontal cam shaft 64 (Figs. 1 and 2) driven from any suitable source of power throu h a belt pulley 66 and a one revolution clutc 68 rendered operative by the depression of a treadle rod 70 to effect a single revolution of the shaft 64. The work support 20 is provided with a downwardly extending shank 72 mounted for vertical sliding movement in an arm 74 carried by the column 62, the work support 20 being urged upwardly by a' stiff spring 76 surrounding the shank 7 2. and bearmg at its upper end against the work support 20 and at its lower end against the arm 74. A stud 7 8 extends at right angles to the shank 72 and is received in a vertical slot 80 formed in the arm 74 and in a horizontal slot 82 formed in a lever arm 84 fulcrumed at 86 to the column 62 so that the depression of the lever arm 84 by the operator will lower the work support 20 to permit the removal or presentation of a work piece.

The reel 38 (Fig. 1) is carried by an arm 88 extending from the head casting 60. From the reel 38 the wire 32 passes beneath a holdlng dog 90 pivoted at 92 to a block 94, the lower portion of which constitutes the presser member or abutment 22. A spring 96, se-

cured at one end to the block 94, tends to rock the dog 90 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, thus holding the wire 32 agamst a surface 98 formed on the block 94 and thereby preventing retrograde movement of the wire 32 without interfering with its feeding movement.

The details of the wire feeding mechanism are best shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Secured in an arm of the head casting 60 is an internally threaded sleeve 100 in alinement with which is a second sleeve 102 the right-hand portion of which has a working fit on a shaft 164 inclined upwardly as it passes from the vlcinlty of the work support toward the rear of the machine. The rear portion of the ries at one (11(1 a collar 158 sleeve 102 is enlarged to receive a worm 106 secured to the shaft 104 and pinned to a ratchet 108 to the rear surface of which is secured a friction member 110 held in contact with a nonrotatable washer 112 by a spring 114 which surrounds an extension of the worm 106 and bears at one end against the washer 112 and at the other end against a nut 116 threaded on the extension of the worm 106. A lug 118 projecting from the washer 112 enters a notch formed in a stationary member 120 secured to the head casting 60' of the machine to prevent rotation of the washer 112. Secured to or formed integral with the forward portion of the sleeve 102 is a pinion 121 half of the circumference of which at its forward end is provided with an undercut groove 122 to receive a flange 124 formed on the rear end of the wire feeding member 44 which is mounted loose upon the shaft 104 but is held against turning movement thereon by a pin 125 anchored to the shaft 104 and positioned in a slot 126 formed in the wire feeding member 44 so that the latter may have limited lengthwise movement on the shaft 104.

The wire feeding member 46 is pinned to the shaft 104, as shown at 128, and both wire feeding members have a bearing in a bushing 130 carried by the block 94-. A nut 132 is threaded on the forward end of the wire feeding member 46 and is provided with a flange 134 arranged to permit a limited amount of forward movement of the wire feeding members 44, 46 and the shaft 104, which movement, as hereinafter explained, is provided by the engagement of a pin 136 projecting inwardly from thetsleeve 102 into the thread of the worm 106.

The wire feeding rotation of the shaft 104 and the wire feeding members 44 and 46 is providedthrough a rack 140 (Flgs. 1, 8 and 9) meshing with the pinion 121 and reciprocated in ways formed 1n the block 94 by a cam 142 fast upon the shaft 64. The rack 140 is connected by a link 144 with a lever 146 loose upon a shaft 148 carried bythe head casting 60. The lever 146 is provided at its upper end with a cam roll 150 cooperating with the cam 142. A spring 152 anchored at one end to the lower end of the lever 146 and at the other end to a rod 154 extending from the head casting 60 tends to rock the lever 146 1n a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1.

In order to permit adjustment of the length of wire fed during each cycle of 01% oration means is provided for hmtmg t e movement of the lever 146 under the control of the spring 152 so that the rack 140 does not necessarily have the maximum movement which the form of the cam 142 would provide. For this purpose a rod 156 (Fig. 1) is mounted for endwise movement and carbacked up by a nut 160 and cooperatin with a surface of the head casting 60 to orm a stop for the rod 156, limiting the movement of the latter to the left as viewed in Fig. 1. The left-hand end of the rod 156 is connected to the lower end of the lever 146 by an adjusting screw 162. Thus the extent to which the lever 146 can move under the influence of the spring 152 in aclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, is. capableof adjustment and the less of this movement that is permitted the shorter will be the length of wire which is fed.

A pawl 164, fulcrumed at 1.66 to the block 94 cooperates with the ratchet 108, preventing movement of the latter in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, while the two are in engagement. A spring 168 tends to hold the pawl 164 in engagement with the ratchet 108. The tail of the pawl 164, however, is engaged by a lever 170, fulcrumed on a shaft 148 and urged in a clockwisedirection, as viewed in Fig. 1, by a spring 172. The upper end of the lever 170 lies in the path of movement of a'roll 174 (Fig. 2) carried by the cam 142 so that the pawl 164 is periodically rocked into and out of engagement with the ratchet 108.

hen the clutch 68 is tripped to cause rotation of the shaft 64 the rack 140 is moved to the right, as viewed in Fig. 1, and away fromthe observer, as viewed in Fig. 9. The consequent rotation of the pinion 121 and the sleeve 102, which, it will be remembered, are loose upon the shaft 104, causes the pin 136 to travel along the worm 106, upwardly and to the right, as viewed in Fig. 9, the worm 106 and the shaft 104 being held against rotation by the frictional engagement of the member 110 against the stationary washer 112. While this takes place the wire feeding member-44 travels along the shaft 104 a short distance to the right, causing the wire 32 to be gripped between the surfaces 40 and 42 of the wire feeding members 44 and 46. After this takes place there can be no further relative endwise movement of the wire feeding members 44 and 46 and, accordingly, further movement of the rack 140 causes the pin 136 to rotate the worm 106 in a clockwise direction, as

viewed in Fig. l, the sleeve 102, the worm 106,

in the thread of the sleeve 100 is effective to cause the shaft 104, the sleeve 102, and the wire feeding members 44 and 46 to move to the right (as viewed in Fig. 9) as they are 7 rotated since the pitch of the worm 106 is equal to the pitch of the groove 48 and of the surfaces 40 and 42, so that the point at which the wire passes from the groove 48 of the feed member 46'to the wire passage 26 of the block 94 remains at rest. At the conclusion of the wire feeding movement the pawl 164 is released by. the lever 170 and engages the ratchet 108 for an instant thus preventing retrograde movement of the shaft 104 and causing the reverse rotation of the pinion 121 to separate the wire feed member 44 from the feed member 46'. After this separation has taken place the pawl 164 is withdrawn from the ratchet 108 so that the continued return movement of the rack 140 can bring the parts into their original position.

The deflector 52 is formed at the forward extremity of a rod 180 (Fig. 3) formed with a shoulder 182 engaged by the tapered lower end of an upwardly extending vertically slidable rod 184 connected by a link 186 (Fig. 1) to the right-hand end of a lever 188 fulcruined on the shaft 148 and carrying a roll 190 held by a spring 191 in engagement with a cam 192near the forward end of the shaft 164. The downward movement of the rod 184 is effective to push the rod 180 rearward- ]y thus Withdrawing the deflector from the wire. This takes place after the wire has been severed by the knife 34 but before the clenching by the knife 34. When the rod 184 is withdrawn the deflector 52 is moved forwardly to its normal position by a spring 194 (Fig. 3) bearing against the rear end of the rod 180.

The radius of curvature of the fastenings and, accordingly, the depth to which they penetrate the material, may be varied by varying the angular relation of -the surface of the deflector 52 to the path of movement of the wire as it emerges from the wire group 26 and to the surface of the material in which a fastening is to be inserted. For this purpose the rod 180 is provided with a finger 200 which is held in engagement with a crank pin 202 by a spring 204 (Figs. 1 and 3) carried by the block 94. The crank pin 202 is carried by a shaft 206 mounted in the block 94 and carrying near its forward end a radial extending pin 208 positioned in a groove formed in a collar 210 loose on the shaft 206. The collar 210 is urged rearwardly by a spring 212 bearing at one end against the collar 210 and at the other end against the head of a screw 214 threaded into the forward end of the shaft 206. The rear end of the collar 210, which is held in engagement with the front surface of a cover plate 216 secured to the front of the block 94 and covering the knife channel 28, the wire channel 26 and the wiper channel 30, is provided with a series of radially extending grooves 217 one of which engages a stationary pin 218 projecting from the cover plate 216. Thus to adjust the position of the deflector 52, the collar 210 should be grasped, moved forwardly against the pressure of the spring 212, and then moved radially to move the crank pin 202, thus rocking the rod 180 and the deflector 52 to the desired position. When the collar 210 is released it will be moved rearward- 1y by the spring 212 and will be held in adjusted position by the engagement of the pin 218 in the appropriate oove 217.

The upper end of the nife 34 is connected by a link 220 (Fig. 1) to an arm 222 of a rock shaft 224 moJnted in the head casting and provided with an arm 226 carrying a roll 228 engaging a cam 230 fast on the shaft 64. Another arm 232 secured to the rock shaft 224 is anchored to one end of a spring 234 the other end of wl ich is secured to the head casting 60 thus holding the cam roll 228 in engagement with the cam 230.

The wiper 36 is pivoted at its upper lefthand end to one end. of a link 240 the other end of which pivoted to a lever 242 fulcrumed on the 148 and carrying at its upper end a cam roll 244 cooperating with a cam 246 fast on he cam shaft 64.

The length of the clench at the entering end of the fastening may be varied by varying the length of wire fed, without changing the position of the deflecting surface 50. Indeed, if desired, the length of the wire may be regulated so that the entering end of the fastening does not project beyond the surface of the upper layer of the end of the stock or even so that it does not reach that surface. The distance which the fastening penetrates the stock may be varied, as already pointed out, by adjusting the position of the deflecting surface 50, and of course, if desired, this adjustmeet may be such that the fastening will be angent to or even emerge slightly from the opposite surface of the stock.

, In the operation of the machine the work piece 10, 12, is held between the work support'20 and the presser member 22, the deilector 52, the knife 34 and the wiper 36 being in the position shownin Fig.4. The clutch is then tripped and the wire feeding members 44 and 46 ope-i tied, first to grip the wire by lengthwise movement of the member 44 and then to feed the wire by rotation of the members 44 and 46 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 8, the beveled end of the wire being deflected by the deflector 52 as it is fed forward and taking a curved path in the direction of its bevel so that it finally emerges from the s irface of the work on the side from which i ntered. Then the knife 45 is moved downwardly, severing the wire and forming the bevel for the entering end of the next fasten ng, as shown in Fig. 5, and by continued movement clenching the severed end of the fastening, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. During this clenching movement of the knife 34 the deflector 52 is withdrawn so as not to interfere with the completion of the' clenching. After the clenching of the severed end of the wire is finally completed the wiper 36 moves down to the right wiping the entering end of the fastening into engagement with the stock, as shown in Fig.

7. The parts arethen returned to their orig inal positions and the machine comes to rest. Having thus described my invention What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a single piece of wire into a piece of stock, and means ranged to cause the wire to curve through a the stock and to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, and means for severing the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire.

3. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire having a substantial bevel at its entering end into a piece of stock, means for deflectin the wire as it enters the stock formed an arranged to curve the wire in the direction of its bevel and to cause it to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, and a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus formed from the remainder of thewire with a bevel of the same character as the bevel upon the original entering end of the wire.

4. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire into a piece of stock, means for deflecting the wire as it enters the stock formed and arranged to curve the wire and to cause it to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching an end of the fastening on the surface of the stock.

5. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire having a substantial bevel at its entering end into a piece of stock, means for deflectin the wire as it enters the stock formed an arranged to curve the wire in the direction of its bevel and to cause it to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it'entered, a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire with a bevel of the same character as the bevel upon the entering end of the fastening, and means for clenchmg one or both ends of the fastenin upon the surface of the stock.

6. A astening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire into a piece of stock, a deflector arranged to engage the wire as it enters the stock thereby deflecting the wire and causing it to emerge from the surface of the stock through which it entered, and a knife constructed and arranged to sever the wire at a point spaced from the surface of the stock and to clench the severed end of the fastening thus formed upon the stock.

7. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire into a piece of stock, a knife independent of the wire-driving means and constructed and arranged to sever the wire after it is driven at a point spaced from the surface of the stock and on a plane having a substantial inc'lination to the axis of the wire, and means for clenching the severed end of the fastening thus formed upon the surface of the stock.

8. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for gripping a wire and driving it into a piece of stock, a knife, means for guiding the wire from the gripping means to the knife, means for moving the knife in a path having a substantial inclination to the axis of the wire thereby severing a fastening from the wire and beveling the end of the wire, and means for clenching the severed end of the fastening upon the surface of the stock.

9. --A fastening inserting machine having, in V combination, means for gripping a wire and forcin it into a piece of stock, and means for deflectlngthe wire as itenters the stock formed and arranged to cause the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered.

10. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for gripping a wire and forcing it into a piece of stock, a deflector positioned in the path of the wire as it enters the stock and formed and arranged to cause the wire to curve through the stock and to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, and means for severing the fastenin thus formed from the remainder of the wire.

11. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire having a substantial bevel at its entering end into a piece of stock, a deflector arranged to curve the wire progressively in the direction of its bevel as it enters the stock and to cause it to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, and a knife movable in a path inclined to the axis of the wire and arranged to sever the fastening from the remainder of the wire and to bevel the end of the remainder of the wire.

12. A fastening inserting machine having,

to cause it to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire, and means for clench- .ing both ends of the fastening on the surface of the stock.

, 13. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causin the wire to emerge from the stock u on the si e from which it entered, and a knife constructed and arranged to sever the fastenings thus formed from the remainder of the wire and to clench the sev-. ered end of the fastening upon the stock.

14. A fastening insertmg machine having, in combination, means for gripping a wire and forcing it into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emer e from the stock upon the side from whic it entered, a knife constructed and arranged to sever the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire, and a wi er constructed and arranged to clench an en of the fastening upon the stock.

15. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for gripping a wire having a beveled entering end and forcing it into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire in the direction of its bevel as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife constructed and arranged to sever the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire and to bevel the remainder of the wire in the same fashion as the original beveled end of the wire, and a wiper constructed and arranged to clench the end of the fastening upon the stock.

16. A fastening insertin machine having, in combination, means for riving a wire into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching an end of the fastening upon the surface of the stock comprisin a wiper arranged to engage said end of the astening and to bend the end portion of the fastening into contact with the surface of the stock.

17. A fastening insertin machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, means for withdrawing the deflector from the wire, a knife arranged to sever the fastenin thus formed from the remainder of the wlre, and means for clenching an end of the fastening upon the surface of the stock comprising a wlper arranged to engage said end of the fastening and to bend the and portion of the fastening into contact with the surface of thc' stock.

18. A fastening inserting machine having in combination, means for driving a piece of wire into a piece of stock, means for deflecting the wire as it enters the stock formed and arran ed to cause the wire to emerge from the stoc upon the side from which it entered, a wiper having a serrated surface, and means for moving the wiper thereby bringin the serrated surface into enga ement witE the end of the fastening and ending the end portion of the fastening into contact with the surface of the stock.

19. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a piece of wire into a piece of stock, means for deflecting the wire as it enters the stock formed and ar ranged to cause the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus inserted from the remainder of the wire and to clench the severed end of the fastening on the surface of the stock, a wiper having a serrated surface, and means for moving the wiper thereby bringing the serrated surface into engagement with the entering end of the fastening and bending the end portion of the fastening into contact with the surface of the stock.

20. A fastening insertin machine having, in combination, means for riving a wire into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, means for withdrawing the deflector from the wire, and means for severing the fastening thus formedfrom'the remainder of the wire and for clenching an end of the fastening on the surface of the stock.

21. A fastening inserting machine having,

22. A fastening inserting machine having,

in combination, an abutment, a work support arranged to hold a piece of stock to be operated upon in engagement with the abutment, means for driving a piece of wire into the stock held by the work support, a deflector arranged to engage the wire as it enters the stock thereby curving the wire and causing it to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus inserted from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching moses? in combination, an abutment, a work support arranged to hold a piece of stock to be operated upon in engagement with the abutment, means for driving a piece of wire into the stock held by the work support, a deflector arranged to engage the Wire as it enters the stock thereby curving the wire and causing it to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife arranged to sever the fastening thus inserted from the remainder of the wire and to clench the severed end of the Wire upon the surface of the stock, and a wiper arranged to clench the other end of the wire on the surface of the stock."

24. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a Wire into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, means for ad ust1ng the deflector to vary the amount of curvature given to the wire there- 'by causing the wire to enter the stdck to a greater or lesser depth, a knife for severing the fastening thus inserted from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching an end of the fastening upon the surface of the stock.

25. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for driving a wire into a piece of stock comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis and provided with helical surfaces arranged for movementtowa-rd and from each other, means for moving one of said members toward the other thereby gripping a wire positioned between said helical surfaces, means for rotating the two members as a unit thereby feeding the wire toward and driving it into a piece of stock, a deflector arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, and means for severing the fastening thus formed from the re mainder of the Wire.

26. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, means for gripping a wire and forcing it into a piece of stock, a deflector formed and arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, means for adjusting the deflector to vary the amount of curvature given to the wire thereby causing the wire to enter the stock to .a greater or lesser depth, means for withdrawing the deflector after the wire has been forced into the stock, a knife for severing the fastening thus inserted from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching the ends of the fastening upon the surface of the stock 27. A. fastening inserting machine having,

in combination, means for driving a wire into a piece of stock comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis and provided with helical surfaces arranged for movement toward and from each other, means for moving one of said members toward the other thereby gripping a wire positioned between said helical surfaces, means for rotating the two members as a unit thereby feeding the wire toward and driving it into a piece of stock, a deflector arranged to curve the wire as it enters the stock thereby causing the wire to emerge from the stock upon the side from which it entered, means for severing the fastening thus formed from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching the ends of the wire on the surface of the stock.

28. A fastening inserting machinehaving means for gripping a wire and forcing it into a piece of stock comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis and each provided with a helical surface, means for causing relative movement of the two members toward each other thereby gripping the wire positioned between said helical surfaces, and means for rotating the two members as a unit thereby feeding the wire toward and into the piece of stock.

29. A fastening inserting machine having means for gripping a wire and. forcing it into a piece of stock comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis and each provided with a helical surface, means for causing relative axial movement of the two members thereby gripping the wire positioned between said helical surfaces. and means for rotating the two members and for moving them axially as a unit at such relative velocities that every point on each helical surface moves in a circular path thereby feeding the wire toward and into the piece of stock.

30. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, wire gripping means comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis, each of said members being provided with a helical surface, means for moving one of said members in a direction to grip a wire positioned between said helical surfaces, means for rotating the two members as a unit thereby feeding the wire toward and forcing it into a piece of stock, and means for severing the portion of the wire which has been forced into the stock from the remainder of the wire.

31. A fastening inserting machine having,

that every point on each helical surface moves in a circular path thereby feeding the Wire toward and forcing it into a piece of stock, and means for severing the portion of the wire which has been forced into the stock from the remainder of the wire.

32. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, wire gripping means comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis and each provided with a helical wire gripping surface, a helical wire guiding groove formed as a continuation of the helical surface of one of said members means for causing relative movement of said members thereby gripping a wire positioned between said helical surfaces, means for rotating the two members as a unit thereby feeding the Wire through said groove, toward and into a piece of stock, and means for severing the portion of the wire which has been forced into the stock from the remainder of the wire.

33. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, wire gripping means comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis and each provided with a helical wire gripping surface, a helical wire guiding groove formed as a continuation of the helical surface of one of said members. means for causing relative movement ofcsaid members thereby gripping a wire positioned between said helical surfaces, means for rotating the two members as a unit thereby feeding the wire through said groove, toward and into a piece of stock, and means for severing the portion of the wire which has been forced into the stock from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching an end of the severed Wire on the surface of the stock.

34. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, wire gripping means comprising two members mounted for rotation about a single axis and each provided with a helical wire gripping surface, a helical wire guiding groove formed as a continuation of the helical surface of one of said members, means for causing relative axial movement of said members thereby gripping a wire positioned between said helical surfaces, means forrotating the two members as a unit thereby feeding the wire through said groove, toward and into a piece of stock, means for severing the portion of the wire which has been forced into the stock from the remainder of the wire, and means for clenching the ends of the fastening thus formed on the surface of the stock.

35. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, an abutment, a work support arranged to hold a Work piece in engagement with said abutment, said abutment being provided with a wire passage and a knife passage intersecting the wire passage, a deflector adjacent to the abutment and in alinement with the wire passage and with the knife passage, means for forcing a wire through the wire passage and against the deflector thereby forcing the wire into the stock held by the' work support and curving the wire as it enters the stock, a knife in the knife passage, and means for moving the knife throughthe knife passage thereby severing the fastening inserted in the stock from the remainder of the wire and clenching the severed end of the fastening on the surface of the stock.

36. A fastening inserting machine having, in combination, an abutment, a work support arranged to hold a work piece in engagement with said abutment, said abutment being provided with a wire passage and a knife passage intersecting the wire passage, a deflector adjacent to the abutment and in alinement with the wire passage and with the knife passage, means for forcing a wire through the wire passage and against the deflector thereby forcing the wire into the stock held by the work support and curving the wire as it enters the stock so that the wire emerges from the stock upon the side from which it entered, a knife in the knife passage, means for movin the knife through the knife passage there y severing the fastening inserted in the stock from the remainder of the wire and clenching the severed end-of the fastening on the surface of the stock, and means for withdrawing the deflector from the wire after the wire has been severed by the knife but before the completion of the clenching by the knife.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

MICHAEL F. BROGAN. 

